Nail-making machine



I No. 6l6,9l8. Patented Ian. 3, I899.

G. GODDU. NAIL MAKING MACHINE.

(Application filed Feb. 26, 1898.)

(No Model.)

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- cums o. worn-Ufa N0. 6|6,9l8. Patented Jan. 3, 1899. G. GODDU.

NAIL MAKING MACHINE.

(Application filed Feb. 26. 1898.)

(No Model.)

7 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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No. 6I-6,9I8. Patented Ian. 3, I899. G. GODDU.

NAIL MAKING MACHINE.

'(Applicationfil ed Feb. 26. 18 98.)

7 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(N0 Model.)

INVEN T UR W ITNEEIEEE No. 616,913. Patented Jan. 3, I899.

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NAIL MAKING MAQHINE.

(Application filed Feb. 26, 1898.)

(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 4.

Wrnlzssza INVENTUR WWW/M No. 616,918. I Patented Ian. 3, I899.

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NAIL MAKING MACHINE.

(Application filed Feb. 26, 1898.) 1 Sheets-Sheet s.

WITNEEIEEE. 4 INVENTDR m (Mew Patented Jan. 3, I899.

a, 60mm. NAIL MAKING MACHINE.

(Application filed Feb. 26, 1898.)

7 Sheets-Sheet. 6.

(No Model.)

W ITNEEEEE- m: scams PETERS ccv womu'ma. WASHINGTON, DV :2.

UNITE STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE GODDU, OF WINCHESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE GODDU SONSMETAL FASTENING COMPANY, OF PORTLAND, MAINE.

NAIL-MAKING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 616,918, dated January3, 1899. Application filed February 26, 1898. Serial No. 671,735. (Nomodel.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE GODDU, of WVinchester, county of Middlesex,and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Nail-MakingMachines, of which the following description, in connection with theaccompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters and numerals onthe drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to a nail-making machine, andis herein shown asembodied in a machine for making string-nails substantially such asshown and described in United States application, Serial No. 654,974,filed by me October 12, 1897. The string-nails referred to are composedof a series of connected headed and pointed tapering nails having acompressed shank; and it is the objectof this invention to provide amachine in which string-nails such as described may be formed quickly,accurately, and at a minimum expense.

Figure 1 is a top or plan view of a nail-m aking machine embodying thisinvention; Fig. 2, a section and elevation of the machine shown in Fig.1, the section being taken on the line'2 2, Fig. 1; Figs. 3 and 4,details to be referred to, Fig. 4 being a section on the line 4 4, Fig.3; Fig. 5, a section and elevation of the opposite side of the machineshown in Fig. 1, the section being taken on the line 5 5; Figs. 6, '7,and 8, details of the guide for the ribbon or band, to be referred to;Figs. 9, 10, and 11, enlarged details to more clearly show thecompressing-dies, Figs. 10 and 11 being sections on the line 10 11, Fig.9, looking in opposite directions; Figs. 12 and 13, enlarged sectionaldetails showing the compressing-dies in different positions, the sectionbeing taken on the line 12 13, .Fig. 1; Figs. 14 and 15, details inelevation, to be referred to; Figs 16 and 17, enlarged details of thecompressing-dies in their operative position; and Fig. 18, an endelevation, on an enlarged scale, of one of the compressingdies.

In the present instance I have shown my invention as embodied in amachine adapted to out a substantially thin narrow ductile ribbon orband A of metal, preferably steel, into duplicate string-nail blanks A A,each comprising a series of connected tapering nails, and to compressthe individual tapered nails between their head and point to formcompleted string-nails A A comprising a series of connected nails havinga ductile tapering pointed end 2, (see Figs. 1, 16, and 17,) adefinedhead 3, and an intermediate stiffened and hardened shank portion 4.

The ribbon or band A is shown as wound on a reel a, mounted on an arm a,attached to a base or table a which supports in suitable bearing-sleevesa a shafts a a", upon which are fastened cutting-disks a a provided ontheir circumferential edges with substantially triangular recesses a",forming dies which have substantially long inclined and shortertransverse cutting edges to sever the band A into the duplicatestring-nail blanks A A substantially as more fully described in UnitedStates Patent No. 592,729, granted to me October 26, 1897. The shafts aa are geared together to rotate in opposite directions, only one gear abeing herein shown, (see Fig. 1,) and the sleeve a is adjustablerelatively to the sleeve a by screws a a, as described in the saidpatent.

The band A before it reaches the cuttingdisks 0. a is passed through acombined sup port and guide, preferably of the construction shown inFigs. 6 to 8, inclusive. The guide referred to is composed of a movablemember a and a fixed member a, both of -which are secured, as by screwsa a", to an adjustable support (shown as a bar a) laterally movable withrelation to the plane in which the cutting-disks revolve, as hereinshown, by means of an adjusting screw or bolt a, movable in a socket ina bracket or or serrations act as keys to insure the edges of the guidesbeing in perfect alinement with the cutting-disks. The member a isprovided with a slot a (see dotted lines, Fig. 6,) through which thebolt or screw a extends and which permits adjustment of the member awith relation to the member a. The fixed member (L may be provided witha slot or groove (L25 in its side or face adjacent to the movable memberof a depth sufficient to support the band A and preferably substantiallyone-half or more of the width of said band, and the adjacent side orface of the member a may be made straight and without a correspondinggroove or slot, as shown in Fig. 8.

The members a a preferably have their upper and lower surfaces beveledor tapered at their outer end, as at at 5, (see Fig. 7,) so that theymay be extended close up to the active die of the cutting-disks tofirmly support the band or ribbon and insure proper cutting of thenail-blanks A A The string-nail blanks A A after leaving thecutting-disks are passed through a guide preferably of the constructionherein shown (see Fig. 2, 3, and 4) and which consists of a yoke-shapedbar I), provided with longitudinal slots, channels, or guideways b b oneabove the other and the continuity of which is interrupted by a space 12of a width substantially equal to or greater than the width of thecompressing or swaging dies 19 U (see Figs. 9, 10, and 11) and whichwill be more specifically described hereinafter.

The guide-bar b is herein shown as pivoted, as at I), (see Figs. 1. and2,) to a stationary part of the framework, shown as an arm or bracket Z1attached to an upright frame, casting, or bearing 71 secured to thetable 0. as by screws Z2 (see Fig. 1,) and the said guidebar is thusrendered capable of being turned upon its pivot to obtain access to theswagingdies b b when so desired.

The swaging-dies b b may and preferably will be made so as tosimultaneously compress an individual nail of each of the string-nailblanks A A for a portion of its length, at the widest portion, andpreferably the active or compressing portions of the said dies are madeof less length than the length of the individual nails of thestring-nail blanks A A so that the said blanks may be compressed for aportion only of their length from or near their head toward but not tothe point, whereby the individual nails of the string-nail blanks A Aare provided with a defined head 3, a compressed shank portion at ofgreater stiffness or hardness than the original nail-blank, and atapering point or end portion 2, which is left of the original ductilityof the nail-blank and of the band or ribbon from which the saidnail-blank is cut.

The swaging-dies b b (shown best in Figs. 9, 10, 11, 16, 17, and 18) arecomposed of two metal blocks having their adjacent faces substantiallystraight and each provided,

as shown, with two guideways, channels, or grooves 10 12, of unequaldepth and different shape, one of the grooves, aslO, being made ofsubstantially uniform depth and extended the width of the dies, and theother groove or channel, as 12, being made of unequal depth, extendedbut a portion of the width of the die, and made of the proper or desiredshape, which in the present instance is slightly tapering, so as to makecontact with the portion of the nail blank to be compressed. The dies 11b 'are set with the groove 10 in one die opposite and in line with thegroove 12 of the other die, and vice versa, which arrangement enablesthe individual nails of the string-nail blanks A A to be simultaneouslycompressed. The grooves 10, of substantially uniform depth, receive thesubstantially straight side of the nail-blank, while the shorter grooves12 receive the tapering side of said nail-blank, as clearlyillustratedin Figs. 12, 13, 16, and 17. The active portion of thegrooves 12 is marked 15 in Figs. 16 and 17.

By reason of the band A being cut into duplicate string-nail blanks A Aone of said blanks-forinstance, Ais fed through the guide-bar b with thenarrow or pointed end first, whereas the other string-nail blank A isfed forward with the Widest portion or head first, and to avoid anydanger of the wide portions or heads of the nails of the blank Astriking the end of the die If the said die is provided at its end withan enlarged recess 25, (see Figs. 17 and 18,) which communicates withthe groove 12, and the said recess is curved toward the said groove, sothat in case the head of a nail of the blank A strikes the curved recess25 it will be guided into said groove.

The dies b b are preferably both adjustable with relation to each otherand to the guideways b b in the guide b, and in the present instance oneof the dies, as b, is rendered stationary in its adjusted position, andthe other die, as b, is movable toward and from the fixed die to impartto the stringnail blanks A A the necessary blow to effect thecompression of the said blanks to form the completed string-nails A AReferring to Figs. 1, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13,

the upright frame or casting b is provided at its outer or front endwith a recess b having side walls W provided with ledges or shoulders Z7upon which the die b rests and is adapted to be moved by an adjustingscrew or rod b provided with a lock-nut 12 the said die being firmlyheld down on said shoulders in its adjusted position by a clampingscrew11 (See Fig. 13.) The movable die 19 is secured by a clamping-screw U toa block or carrier I9 movable in an opening or bore 1) in the rearportion of the upright frame b the said carrier, as shown, (see Figs. 12and 13,) having a cylindrical rear portion or head Z1 preferablydetachably secured to said carrier and provided with alug or projectionb having an inclined or beveled surface with which cooperates aninclined or beveled surface on a lug or projection 19 on a head Z9detachably secured to a shaft I1 extended through the upright frame orcasting If.

The carrier Z9 for the movable die 19' is adapted to be moved forwardonce for every revolution of the shaft IF -namely, by the cam orinclined lug Z2 acting on the cam projection or lug b and when the cam bhas passed out of engagement with the lug or cam Z9 the carrier 6 may bereturned to its normal position, preferably, as herein shown, by meansof a spring 5 which is shown as a bent wire rod, having one end 20inserted through an opening 21 in a cap I) and into an opening or socketin the die-carrier 11 (see Figs. 12 and 13,) the other end 22 of saidspring-rod being inserted into a socket in the cap 5 which latter isdetachably secured, as by screws 19 to the upright frame or casting 11The die-carrier Z9 may and preferably will be provided with anoil-passage Z9 communicating with a recess 1) in the under side of saidcarrier and adapted to communicate with an oil-supply duct or well 12 inthe cap Z2 The casting or upright 12 may also be provided with an oilduct or well 12 located substantially above the head I2 The returnmovement of the die-carrier 5 by the spring I) may be cushioned by abuffer 1), of rubber or other suitable material, which is adapted tostrike against the end of the shaft Z1 In the present instance the shaft19 is represented as the main shaft of the machine, it being providedwith a fast pulley c and aloose pulley (see Fig. 1,) adapted to bedriven by a belt. (Not herein shown.)

The cutting-disks a a may and preferably will be driven from the mainshaft D which may be accomplished by the mechanism herein shown, whichconsists of the bevel-gear c on the shaft Z1 meshing with the bevel-gearc on a shaft 0 having bearings in a frame or bracket 0 detachablysecured to the upright or casting 5 as by screw 0 (see Figs. 1 and 5,)the shaft 0 having a worm 0 which meshes with a worm-gear 0 fast on theshaft 66', carrying the cutting-disk cf, the shaft 0, having a gear (notshown) which meshes with the gear a on the shaft a of the cutting-disk aas in the Patent No. 592,729, above referred to:

The machine may be provided with a beltshipper, shown as a rod 0 havingforks or arms 0 and adapted to slide in a bracket or arm 0 attached tothe upright frame or casting 6 the said rod being actuated by a lever c,pivoted, as at 0 The completed string-nails A A" are adapted to be woundupon separate reels O O and to be laid thereon by a reciprocatingtraverse 0 which latter and the reel 0 are actuated from a counter-shaft0 which is provided with a friction clutch or tension device consistingof the disk 0, a leather washer c and pulley 0 which parts are held inengagement by a spring 0 substantially as shown and described in thePatent No. 592,729, referred to. The pulley 0 in the present instance isdriven by a belt 0 passed about a pulley or hub 0 fast on the main shaftI9 In the Patent No. 592,729 referred to both reels 0 O are rotated by asingle large gear 0 in mesh with a pinion 0 on the shaft 0 and in thepresent instance a second gear 0 and pinion 0 are also employed, thegear 0 being fast to the reel 0, and the pinion 0 being loose on asecond shaft or spindle 0 extended loosely through the shaft 0 anddriven by the pulley 0 to which the shaft 0 is secured, so as to revolvetherewith, by an arm 0, the shaft 0 being fastened to the arm 0 by a pin0 or in any other suitable or desired manner. The loose pinion 0 isdriven by a tension device consisting, as herein shown, (see Fig. 1,) ofa disk 0 fast on the shaft 0 a washer 0 a nut 0 and a washer 0 Byreference to Fig. 1 it will be seen that the reels 0 O are on oppositesides of a straight line through the guide I), and consequently as thetraverse reciprocates to lay the string-nails A A on the reels 0 O thesaid string-nails are placed under greater tension as the traverse movesaway from said straight line-that is, as the string-nail A is laid onthe reel 0. toward its flange 0 the tension on said string-nail isincreased, while at the same time the tension on the stringnail A isdiminishing, owing to its being laid on the reel 0' from the flange 0toward the said straight line. It follows, then, that the tension on thestring-nails A A as they are wound on their respective reels is not thesame for both at each movementof the trav erse, and to avoid onestring-nail being wound into a tight coil and the other into a loosecoil and also to insure that the tension speed, owing to thefriction-washers permitting the shaft 0 and the gear 0 to slip.

The rotation of the cutting-disks a a and the movement of thedie-carrierZ9 are properly timed so as to insure the proper portion of thenail-blank being in the required position before the swaging orcompressing operation takes place.

In operation with the machine herein shown the ribbon or band A issevered into duplicate string-nail blanks A A which are passed throughthe guide I) and are acted upon by the compressing or swaging dies 11 bto compress the individual nails of the string-nail blank for a portionof their length, so as to stiffen and harden the said nail-blanks andform acompleted string-n ail having a stiffened shank portion 4, awell-defined head 3, and a ductile point 2. In the present instance theswaging-dies b b areshown as constructed to compress the metal anddefine the head on one side only; but it is evident that the said diesmay be changed or dilferent dies used, so as to compress the metal anddefine the head on both sides of the nail-blanlnand so also the saiddies may be shaped so as to impart any desired form to the compressedportion, continuous or otherwise.

I have herein shown what I regard as a superior form and construction ofmachine for producing string-nails such as herein described, and whichmachine comprises a cutting portion, a swaging or compressing portion,and a winding portion; but I do not desire to limit my invention to amachine embodying all three portions, as the winding portion might beomitted, and also the cutting portion might be changed and used inconjunction with the compressing portionthat is to say, the cuttingportion might be changed so that only a single string-nail blank isformed, which is then acted upon by the compressing portion; andalthough I am of the opinion that such a machine would be commerciallyinferior to the machine herein shown I still regard it as within thescope of this invention.

In the machine herein shown the cuttingdisks (1 a also act to feed theribbon or band A, and the speed of rotation of the reels 0 C isregulated by the tension devices, so as to maintain the string-nailssubstantially taut between the cutting mechanism and the said reels, andalso the operations of the cutting mechanism. The compressing mechanismand the Winding mechanism are timed with re lation to one another, so asto insure the 00111- pression of the proper portion of the nailblanks.

The machine herein shown and described is adapted to form string-nailshaving their individual nails of a predetermined length; butstring-nails with any desired length of individual nails may be made bysubstituting for the cutting-disks a a other cutting-disks having diesof the proper or desired length and substituting for the worm-gear 0another worm-gear of the proper or desired size to effect the feed ofthe string-nail blanks in time with the operation of thecompressing-dies, so that the latter may act 011 the proper or desiredpart of the individual nails of the stringnail blanks.

I claim- 1. In a nail-making machine, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, Viz: a cutting mechanism adapted to form a stringnailblank comprising a series of connected taperednails, and a compressingor swaging mechanism constructed to act on a portion only of the taperednails and compress them intermediate of their opposite ends, for thepurpose specified.

2. In a nail-making machine, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, viz: a cutting mechanism adapted to form a stringnailblank comprising a series of connected tapered nails, a compressing orswaging mech* anism constructed to act on the wider portion of thetapered nails and compress them intermediate of their opposite ends, anda guide for the nail-blank intermediate of the said cutting andcompressing mechanisms, and through which the string-nail blank is fedto the compressing mechanism, substantially as described.

3. In a nail-making machine, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, viz: a cutting mechanism constructed to cut asubstantially fiat band or ribbon into two stringnail blanks, eachcomprising a series of connected tapering nails, and a compressingmechanism comprising a fixed and a movable die adapted to act on bothstring-nail blanks simultaneously and constructed to compress thetapered side of the nails of said string-nail blanks for a portion onlyof their length, and means to operate said movable die, substantially asdescribed.

4c. In a nail-making machine, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, viz: a cutting mechanism comprising rotatable cut--ting-disks provided with peripheral dies having longer inclined andshorter trans-verse cutting edges, and a compressing mechanismcomprising a fixed die, a movable die, a rotatable shaft to eflectmovement of the movable die in one direction, means to move said die inthe opposite direction, and gearing con necting said rotatable shaft tothe shaft of one of said rotatable cutting-disks, substantially asdescribed.

5. In a nail-making machine, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, viz: a cutting mechanism constructed to form astring-nail blank composed of a series of connected tapering nails, anda compressing mechanism adapted to operate on the tapered nails of thesaid string-nail blank and compress the tapered side of the nailintermediate of its opposite ends for a portion only of its length, forthe purpose specified.

6. In a nail-making machine, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, viz: a compressing mechanism comprising a fixed die,a movable die, a carrier for said movable die provided at one end with acam or projection, a rotatable shaft substantially in line with saidcarrier and provided on its front end with a cam or projection to engagethe cam on said die-carrier to move the same and its attached dielongitudinally toward the fixed die, and means to move said carrier inthe opposite direction, substantially as described.

7. In a nail-making machine, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, viz: a compressing mechanism comprising cooperatingdies,-a carrier for one of said dies, a rotary shaft substantially inline with said carrier, and means interposed between the abutting endsof said shaft and carrier and operated by said rotary shaft to impartlongitudinal movement to said carrier away from but in substantially anaxial line with said shaft, substantially as and for the purposespecified.

8. In a nail-making machine, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, viz: a cutting mechanism, constructed to form astring-nail blank composed of a series of connected tapering nails, acompressing mechanism adapted to operate on the tapered nails of thesaid string-nail blank and compressthe tapered side of the nail betweenits opposite ends for a portion only of its length to form a nail havinga stiffened shank portion, a defined head and a ductile point, and aguide for the string-nail on opposite sides of the compressingmechanism, substantially as described.

9. In a nail-making machine, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, viz: a cutting mechanism comprising rotarycuttingdisks having peripheral dies cooperating to sever a metal band orribbon into duplicate string-nail blanks, each comprising a series ofconnected tapering nails, a compressing mechanism comprising cooperatingdies shaped to compress the tapered side of the nails of bothstring-nail blanks, a carrier for one of said dies, and means toreciprocate said carrier in time with the rotation of the cutting-disks,substantially as described.

10. In a nail-making machine, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, viz: a cutting mechanism comprising rotary cuttingdisks having peripheral dies cooperating to sever a metal band orribbon into duplicate string-nail blanks, each comprising a series ofconnected tapering nails, a compressingmechanism comprising-cooperatingdies shaped to compress the tapered sideof the nails of both string-nailblanks, a carrier for one of said dies, a rotary shaft provided with acam to effect longitudinal movement of the said die-carrier, and gearingconnecting said rotary shaft with one of the shafts upon which thecutting-disks are mounted, substantially as described.

11. In anail-making machine, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, viz: a cutting mechanism comprising rotarycutting-disks having peripheral dies cooperating to sever a metal bandor ribbon into duplicate string-nail blanks, each comprising a seriesofconnected tapering nails, a compressing mechanism comprising cooperatingdies shaped to compress the tapered side of the nails of bothstring-nail blanks, a carrier for,

one of said dies, and means to reciprocate said carrler 1n t1me with therotation of the cutting-disks, and a guide for the string-nail blankshaving slots or channels arranged one above the other, substantially asdescribed.

12. In a nail-making machine, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, viz: a cutting mechanism constructed to cut asubstantially flat band or ribbon into two stringnail blanks, eachcomprising a series of connected tapering nails, and a guide for thesaid ribbon or band comprising the members a a separated by a space andone of which is adjustable toward the other, one of said members havinga slot or groove for the reception of the band and the other having aplain face with which said band makes contact, substantially asdescribed.

13. In a nail-making machine, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, viz: a cutting mechanism constructed to cut asubstantially fiat band or ribbon into two stringnail blanks, eachcomprising a series of connected tapering nails, a guide for the saidribbon or band comprising the members a,

a between which the said band or ribbon is passed, a bar a to which saidmembers are secured, and an adjusting device for said bar consisting ofa pin e provided with a slot, and a screw a having a collar whichengages the slot in said pin, substantially as described.

14C. In a nail-makin g machine, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, viz: a cutting mechanism constructed to out asubstantially fiat band or ribbon into two stringnails, and a windingmechanism comprising two reels, one for each string-nail, a traversecooperating with said reels to lay the stringnails thereon, a drivingmechanism for each reel, and a separate tension device for said drivingmechanisms for the purpose specified.

15. In a nailing-machine, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, viz: a cutting mechanism comprising cutting disksmounted upon rotatable shafts, a compressing mechanism comprisingcooperating dies, a carrier for one of said dies, a rotary shaft tooperate said carrier, a worm-shaft geared to the die-operating shaft andprovided with a worm, and a worm-gear mounted on one of the shafts ofthe cutting-disks and meshing with the said worm, substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE GODDU.

\Vitnesses:

J AS. H. CHURCHILL, J. MURPHY.

